Nitrogen, an inert gas, finds versatile applications across various aspects of chemical manufacturing, processing, handling, and shipping. It is non-reactive and serves as an excellent blanketing and purging gas. By removing contaminants from process streams through methods like stripping and sparging, nitrogen protects valuable products from harmful substances. Additionally, it enables safe storage and the use of flammable compounds, while also preventing combustible dust explosions.
Regarding nitrogen compounds, their applications are extremely diverse due to the vastness of this class. However, for the purposes of this discussion, we’ll focus on pure nitrogen itself. Approximately two-thirds of nitrogen produced by industry is sold as a gas, with the remaining one-third in liquid form. The gas is primarily used as an inert atmosphere in situations where oxygen in the air could pose a fire, explosion, or oxidizing hazard.
In chemical plants
Nitrogen is also highly suitable for creating the type of atmosphere commonly found in chemical plants. Its ability to reduce oxygen levels is critical for preventing explosions and fires. Additionally, laboratories rely on nitrogen for purging specific equipment components. For instance, nitrogen can be pumped into a valve to displace unwanted material.
Nitrogen also prevents oxygen or sparks from triggering combustion reactions with any solvents in use. Another important application of nitrogen is inerting the headspace within process tanks and other chemical containers.
Specific applications
Preventing oxidation: Nitrogen prevents oxidation and product deterioration during manufacturing and storage.
Inert atmosphere: It creates an inert atmosphere in reactors, preventing unwanted reactions like oxidation or combustion.
Heat and chemical removal: As a carrier gas, nitrogen aids in removing heat or chemicals during processes.
Fire and explosion prevention: Nitrogen inhibits fires and explosions due to its non-reactive nature.
Chemical preservation: It preserves chemicals and prevents raw material oxidation.
Purging: Nitrogen purges machines for safety and purity during manufacturing